Аннотации:
© 2020, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology. This article describes the results of studies conducted by the authors to study the destruction processes of stable emulsion suspension sludge systems. Destruction processes are achieved by add-ing nanoparticles to demulsifying compositions. Currently, there is no universal composition of demulsifier that effectively destroys emulsions formed in oil sludges. To solve this problem, the authors conducted research on the creation of an effective demulsifier containing nanosized parti-cles of fullerenes. The studies were carried out with dispersed oil-slurry emulsion-suspension sys-tems, selected from open storage ponds of enterprises of JSC «Tatoilgaz» and JSC «TAIF-NK». For the destruction of the oil-containing system of the emulsion-suspension type, a composite mix-ture of complex action has been developed, which includes anionic wetting agents, nonionic sur-factants, flotation reagents, detergents and alkaline buffer solutions that provide the required value of a constant indicator of the acid-base balance of the aqueous medium. A composite demulsifying mixture of complex action, which increases the effectiveness of the wetting washing action of sur-factants, namely, the diphilic structure of the dispersed medium changes to hydrophilic, that is, the contacts of particles having a monophilic surface with the hydrocarbon phase of the emulsion me-dium are broken. Then the particles pass from the boundary of the phase separation into the water volume, thereby contributing to the destruction of the layers on the surface of emulsified water. The process of dehydration of petroleum products is intensified, the duration from 6 to 8 hours is reduced to from 3 to 4 hours. During the research, it was possible to intensify and increase the efficiency of the oil preparation process during its dehydration.
