Аннотации:
© 2020, Rossiiskaya Akademiya Nauk, Institut Istorii (Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of General Hist. All rights reserved. The article examines forms of trade development in Volga Bulgaria in IX - beginning of XV centuries. Their existence and evolution was influenced by different factors, studied in this paper. Forms of trade are evidence of its continuity and significant evolution in social and economic life of Volga Bulgaria and the Golden Horde.