Abstract:
A major contribution of the scholars of the Kazan university to the field of contrastive study of the multistructural languages (including the Russian and Tatar languages) allows to reason about established long usage that is traced back to the beginning of the nineteenth century, further development prospect of comparative typology by Kazan scholars of the nineteenth century. The article aims at theoretical understanding and generalization of comparative studies, as well as consideration of the aspect of application of the studies to improve the methods of language teaching (Russian and Tatar). The article aims to make a comparative analysis by the material of Russian and Tatar, Tatar and Russian, reveal applied (linguistic and methodological) aspect of the results of the studies. The actuality of the problem consists in the fact that at the present stage the scholars do not remit their attention to the comparative studies, they direct the vector to comparing language pictures of the world of the native speakers of either language. The leading methods of our investigation are analysis, observation, description, generalization, classification. By results of the research the authors have reached a conclusion that today, all levels of the Russian and Tatar languages from the comparative aspect have been studied and the results have been presented in comparative grammars, research papers, dictionaries and so on. The comparison of language pictures of the world, national and cultural units of language at the level of text and discourse is presented to a lesser extent. New approaches allow to research into the level of contrastive cultural linguistics which has become an object of attention of Kazan scholars. We believe that this study makes a definite contribution to the field of comparative typology of the languages. Specialists in teaching methods of the Russian and Tatar languages as foreign may take interest in it.
