Word-formation family in derivation-semantic space of differently structured languages

Abstract

The article considers the main tendencies of comparative and topological study of cognate words on the material of the Russian, Tatar and Spanish languages, the morphological structure of which has strongly pronounced differences. It proves the status of word-formation family as a lexical microsystem. It becomes established how it is modified and transformed the semantics of equivalent roots in terms of word-formation families of each of the languages, which types of notions receive word-forming determination. Comparative study of the objects and ways of nomination within the framework of derivation-semantic space of the Russian, Tatar and Spanish languages allows to reveal idioethnic character of naming of the elements of universe, to reconstruct the mechanism of speech thought act and associative links, which expands the understanding of language as human cognitive activity.