Composition, Stability, and Paramagnetic Birefringence of Erbium(III) and Thulium(III) D- and DL-Tartrates

Abstract

pH and paramagnetic birefringence measurements in tandem with mathematical modeling were applied to study the formation of erbium(III) and thulium(III) D- and DL-tartrates. The paramagnetic birefringence constants were calculated for these tartrates.