Heart failure in oncological patients

Abstract

© 2020, Advanced Scientific Research. All rights reserved. The purpose of the study is to conduct a systematic analysis of data from various literature sources on the role of heart failure in the development of cancer, as well as to consider the problems of diagnosis and treatment of heart failure in patients with cancer. Materials and methods. A review of the literature in the Cochrane Library, Elibrary, and PubMed systems over the past 8 years, which examines common risk factors and mechanisms of heart failure (HF) and malignant neoplasms (MN) has been conducted. RESULTS: Analysis of literature data shows that cardiovascular diseases and cancer have common risk factors. Several common pathophysiological mechanisms have been identified that link heart failure (HF) to the cancer process. These include inflammation, oxidative stress, and neurohormonal activation. HF is currently known as a frequent complication of aggressive cardiotoxic antitumor therapy, which can worsen the course of existing HF or cause its development. Recent epidemiological and experimental analyses show that the development of cancer is more common among patients with pre-existing HF. Although the cause of this relationship has not yet been identified, it is assumed that heart failure may be a Pro-oncogenic condition. Conclusion. Until now, the main focus of cardioncology has been prevention and treatment of cardiotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic drugs. In this context, elucidating the underlying mechanisms plays an important role in developing strategies to prevent chemotherapy-related cardiomyopathy. However, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that there is more and more evidence that patients with heart failure have a high risk of developing cancer pathology, thereby requiring more attention. In General, understanding the direct and indirect mechanisms of the relationship between HF and MN can help in the prevention and early diagnosis of these diseases.