Comparative mineralogy and petrography of the basalts of Vesuvius and Batur volcanoes

Abstract

© 2020 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. In areas of active volcanic activity, sedimentary rocks can form both directly during eruptions and the destruction of effusive rocks. Therefore, the study of effusive parent rocks such as basalts is very important. This work provides information about the history of formation and geological structure of Vesuvius and Batur volcanoes, which are located at different ends of the Mediterranean-Alpine-Himalayan folded belt and have a similar layer-cone structure and they are represented by alkaline (subalkaline) type of magmas. Based on the research and literature data, it is found that modern basaltic samples from these volcanoes are mineralogically close. The basalt of Mount Batur was formed from lavas with higher aluminium content in the melt, higher viscosity, with strong degassing and rapid cooling. The formation of effusive rocks of Vesuvius, on the contrary, is associated with a lower viscosity of lava, a lower content of aluminium and its slower cooling. They underwent more significant secondary changes.