Selective voltammetric determination of α-lipoic acid on the electrode modified with SnO <inf>2</inf> nanoparticles and cetyltriphenylphosphonium bromide

Abstract

© 2019, Springer-Verlag GmbH Austria, part of Springer Nature. Abstract: Sensitive voltammetric method for α-lipoic acid determination based on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with SnO 2 nanoparticles (SnO 2 NP) dispersion in cetyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (CTPPB) (SnO 2 NP-CTPPB/GCE) has been developed. The comparison to other surface active compounds as dispersive agents has been performed. The electrodes surface has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and chronoamperometry. Statistically significant decrease of charge transfer resistance (10.8 ± 0.4 kΩ vs. 181 ± 7 kΩ for GCE and 71 ± 3 kΩ for SnO 2 NP-H 2 O/GCE) and higher effective surface area (13.7 ± 0.2 mm 2 vs. 8.2 ± 0.3 mm 2 for GCE and 12.1 ± 0.2 mm 2 for SnO 2 NP-H 2 O/GCE) has been obtained for SnO 2 NP-CTPPB/GCE. α-Lipoic acid oxidation on SnO 2 NP-CTPPB/GCE is a two-electron diffusion-controlled pH independent process leading to β-lipoic acid formation. Under conditions of differential pulse voltammetry in Britton–Robinson buffer pH 4.5, the linear dynamic ranges are 0.50–50 and 50–400 μmol dm −3 of α-lipoic acid with the limits of detection and quantification of 0.13 and 0.43 μmol dm −3 , respectively. The method developed has been successfully applied for the pharmaceutical dosage form analysis. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.].