Legal support of environmental safety with targeted and non-targeted changes in the genome of living organisms

Abstract

© 2019, Dorma Journals. All rights reserved. The paper explores social relations for targeted and non-targeted changes in the genome of living organisms based on the analysis of the work of Russian and foreign geneticists, biochemists, biotechnologists, bioecologists, molecular biologists and microbiologists. Ecological risks from targeted (genetic research, biotechnology, genetic engineering, experimental mutagenesis, genomic selection, etc.) and non-targeted (under the influence of the consequences of the negative impact on the environment) genome changes that are subject to an account upon environmental regulation of corresponding public relations are identified. It is advisable to provide in the legal support of genomic research the incentives (tax incentives, credit incentives, public-private partnerships, etc.) of targeted change in the genome, which allows solving social, economic, food and environmental problems. To prevent environmental risks, it is worthwhile to provide a system of legal prohibitions and restrictions when conducting any genomic research, as well as legal measures, means and methods aimed at protecting the natural environment, ensuring human environmental safety and rational nature management. The expediency of organizing an ecological genetic monitoring and cytogenetic monitoring service to determine the mutagenic potential of the environment has been proved. The analysis of genetic data is recommended to be used when making managerial decisions in the area under consideration.