Problems of economic security of Kazakhstan and kyrgyzstan in the system of integration processes in Eurasia

Abstract

© 2019, Dorma Journals. All rights reserved. The aim of the study is to identify problems and threats to ensure the economic security of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan in the system of integration processes in Eurasia. Both states can be attributed to the Central Asian region of the Eurasian post-Soviet space. The processes taking place in this region are determined by the sovereignty of countries, national interests, development strategies of each state, as well as the interests of national elites. Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan are more active participants in the integration processes in the Eurasian space. The authors emphasize the diversity of integration processes in the post-Soviet Eurasian space. On the one hand, there is a positive trend in the development of trade and economic ties with partner countries within the framework of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU), on the other hand, the Central Asian states are oriented towards regional cooperation with European states. The main objectives of the regional partnership are confronting internal and external threats, supporting reforms and modernizing the economy, and strong cooperation in the field of human rights and the rule of law. The paper defines the specifics of the “economic security” concept and considers the criteria of economic security. In studying the problems of economic security, the authors used systemic and institutional methodological approaches. Particular attention is paid to the criteria of economic security, thanks to which it is possible to assess the economic situation of states for compliance with the demands raised. Among the key problems of Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, there can be listed the negative structural changes in the economy, the lack of stimulating factors for increasing production efficiency, artificially stabilized exchange rates, imbalances in the development of the regional economy of the countries, the deepening of territorial and property inequality, a weak system of state supervision, and the problem of external debt. In this regard, a joint solution to the problems of economic security requires the timely elimination of internal and external threats to economic security.