Advanced Topics in Assessment of the Atmospheric Air Chemical Pollution and its Impact on the Population Health in the City of Kazan

Abstract

© 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved. The assessment of non-carcinogenic risk for the population health from chemicals coming with exhaust gases of motor transport citywide and in certain districts of the city of Kazan was performed. The calculation was carried out according to the results of the laboratory and instrumental tests carried out by FBHI "Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan" for the period from 2010 to 2016. Suspended solids (to 28.0%), carbon (soot) (to 24,6%), and nitrogen dioxide (to 19,2%) contribute most to the value of total risk for the population health in the districts. Organs of the respiratory system (HI=11,93; 13,06 and 10,51) are highly vulnerable to the risk of developing unfavorable non-carcinogenic toxic effects on chronical exposure to chemicals coming from atmospheric air in the city and districts due to exposure to TSP, PM2,5 and PM 10 total fracture (from 42,5 to 62,0%). The expected number of additional cases of total mortality associated with chronical exposure to TSP made 1244 cases per year among the whole city population without taking into account the external causes. A monitoring system available in large cities, undercount of the atmospheric air pollutants prevents from correct assessment of the potential risk and actual damage for the population health.