Sorption materials based on waste of wood fiber for collecting of oil from the water surface

Abstract

Copyright © 2019 American Scientific Publishers. All rights reserved. The paper presents studies of the physicochemical and adsorption properties of magnetic composite materials based on wood fiber wastes produced by MDF panels and magnetite. The process of obtaining composite sorbents consisted in depositing nanoscale magnetite corpuscles on the outer and inner surfaces of wood fibers with ammoniacal water from a solution containing a mixture of bivalent and trivalent ferric chloride. To reduce the degree of water absorption, the obtained materials were subjected to cultivation with a hydrophobizing composition. The physico-chemical characteristics of the samples of the initial and modified materials were indentified. It was found that after the modification observes a significant increase in the buoyancy index associated with the use of a hydrophobic agent is observed, also an increase in ash content conditioned by the presence of magnetite in the composite. The formation in the pores and on the surface of magnetic wood fibers was confirmed by X-ray phase analysis. It was found that the influence of ultrasonic oscillations upon precipitation of magnetite increases by 18% the specific surface area in comparison with the material obtained without applying ultrasound. The influence of the thickness of the oil membrane on the oil capacity and water absorption was studied. For all the materials in question, as the thickness of the oil membrane increases, percentage of water absorbed by the sorbents together with the oil decreases. With an oil membrane thickness of 3 mm, the water absorption for the CS sample is 0.3 g/g, for the CS us sample 0.4 g/g, the oil capacity for CS 6.4 g/g, for CS us 7.1 g/g. To evaluate the sorption properties of the samples, the sorption quality index was calculated. So, the index of sorption quality compared with the oil of the carbon deposit is 0.8 for the original material and 4.6 and 5.0 for the CS and CS us samples, accordingly.