Stages of ecological policy development in the industrial sector of Russia in the second half of the XXth century: Historical perspective

Abstract

The article is designed to bring out evolution stages of the state ecological policy concerning industrial perspectives in the second half of the XXth century with the view to uncover the features of state bodies' natureoriented activity in the industrial sector of Russian economy. The approach applied for the research of the given issue allows to analyze the industrial growth of the country from a totally new level; to observe the course, character and peculiarities of its impact on the ecological degradation that determines the critical condition of the environment at the present stage. Three main stages of ecological policy development in the industrial sector of Russian economy in the second half of the XXth century are presented in the article: the first stage (1950-1960s) is characterized by rational environment utilization the main goal of which was the reservation of exhaustible resources (flora and fauna, soil etc.) and economical consumption of non-renewable resources (mineral wealth). The second stage (1970-1980s) was supposed to introduce resource-conserving and nature-oriented programs, international cooperation that aimed to solve ecological issues. The third stage (the end of 1980s - 1990s) was characterized by the formation and implementation of ecological policy in the conditions of economic activity and reorganization of economic mechanism. The results of the research may facilitate the efficient usage of economic, legal, technological, moral and organizational methods aimed to influence the developing economic system, its highest ecologization.