Historical studies of pesochnoe settlement in Saratov oblast (the issue of the significance of the ceramic complex in the study of the rural settlements of the golden horde)

Abstract

The paper features the first results of the latest archaeological study investigations in 2020 were conducted at the Pesochnoe settlement located within the city boundaries of the Leninsky District of Saratov and was part of the medieval rural district of the Golden Horde city of Ukek. Excavation 1 (size 6×10 m) allowed to examine the cultural layer of the second half of the 13th- 14thcenturies. The collection of mass ceramic materials comprised 150 fragments of medieval ceramic vessels. It includes 5 groups of both local and imported origin (Ukek, Northern Black Sea region, Byzantium), which, in addition to import directions, mark the presence of the Russian and Mordovian components among the population of the village. The ceramic collection, despite its small size, demonstrates all archaeological markers characteristic of rural settlements in the Ukek of the Golden Horde regions.